With in-depth research into the functionalization of polymer microspheres, grafting substances with specific functions onto the surface of microspheres has led to the creation of a unique class of functional materials with potential application prospects, endowing them with new functionalities. Currently, functionalization treatments such as sulfonation, carboxylation, hydroxylation, amination, and thiolation can be applied to polystyrene microspheres. Functionalized polystyrene microspheres have applications in industries including biomedical, polyelectrolytes, membranes, wastewater treatment, and petrochemicals.
